MUSIC 246
Lecture 11
Thursday, March 22, 2012

Jerry Goldsmith (1929-2004)
- born in Los Angeles
- west coast - studied with Rosza at USC
- came out of television

Patton (1970)
Alien (1979)

Planet of the Apes (1968)
Horn
Percussion instruments from East Asia
- "12 tone"
- Arnold Schoenberg (2nd Viennese School)
- 1923 - development of "tone rows"
- Treat all 12 notes with equal importance
- Moving away from major / minor tonality
Woodwinds chirping associated with humans
Ending of movie: leaves diegetic sound in (waves) through the credits, does not play music


Into the 1970's

Since the end of the 1940s, film music has been moving away from the conventions of Steiner and Korngold
- Increasing influence of American composers
- Increasing importance of popular music and Jazz
- Increasing importance of non-western musics and sounds (not in cultural accuracy, but in the creation of new sounds)
- Increasing importance of atonality - music as sonic texture

- conglomeration continues
- film cost increase: 72-77, 178%: 77-79 200%
- 1970s: 160 films per year
- 1937: 538 films are produced
- Genre/formula films
- "old school" seen as irrelevant
- Pop scores - The Graduate (1967), Easy Rider (1969), The Last Picture Show (1971), American Graffiti (1973)
- cheaper
- promotion

John Williams
- born in 1932 to musical parents
- Trained as a concert pianist at Julliard
- studied film music at UCLA
- orchestrator for Tiompkin
- Television (late 1950's)
- Lost in Space, Land of the Giants, Gilligan's Island
- Late 1960's, film work
- comedies and disaster films

- 1974: Sugarland Express
- director Steven Spielberg

- 1975: Jaws
- new approach to film promotion and release
- 400 screens: Wide Release
- made back its money in 13 days

Jaws began a shift in the attitude twoards orchestral music in film
- Helped reestablished the orchestra as an important force in film music
- Becomes the best-known film composer of all time with the success of Star Wars (1977)
